The Urban Poor in Latin AmericaWorld Bank, 2005 - 266 pages The urbanization of Latin America has also lead to the urbanization of its poor. Today about half of the region's poor live in cities. Yet the phenomenon of urban poverty is not one that is well studied or well understood and policy makers across Latin America are increasingly interested in policy advice on how to design programs and policies to tackle poverty. 'Urban Poor in Latin America' argues that the causes of poverty, the nature of deprivation, and the policy levers to fight poverty are to a large extent site-specific. As such, the book looks at strategies to assist the urban poor in making the most of the opportunities offered by cities (deeper labor markets, better amenities and services, greater freedom, and possibly less discrimination) while helping them cope with the negative externalities (high cost of housing and difficulty of obtaining shelter; risks to physical safety associated with pollution and environmental contamination, but also crime and violence; other congestion costs, more isolation and possibly less social capital). |
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approach Argentina assets Bitrán Bolivia Brazil Caribbean chapter Chile Colombia consumption costs of violence countries crime and violence crisis domestic violence drug economic effects El Salvador employment factors formal gangs groups Guatemala health indicators higher homeownership homicide housing impact improve income quintile increase inequality informal infrastructure institutions Inter-American Development Bank interventions Jamaica justice la violencia labor market Latin America low-income ment Mexico microcredit Moser municipal networks Nicaragua participation particularly percent Peru political poor in Latin poor neighborhoods poor urban population prevention programs reduce region rent rental Research Rio de Janeiro risk role rural areas rural poor Salvador São Paulo savings sector slum social capital Source strategies subsidies Table targeting tion types urban areas urban poor urban poverty urban violence violencia vulnerability Washington Wodon women workers World Bank youth